Abstract
The increase in fibronectin type-III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5), myonectin, and glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) leads to a decrease in diabetes; meanwhile, exercise training can affect these factors. The result regarding the comparison between the effect of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and that of moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) is confusing. Thus, the present study investigated the comparative effects of HIIT and MICT on soleusmuscle FNDC5, myonectin, and GLUT4 gene expressions in the diabetic rat model. Seventy-two male Wistar rats (weight 200g ± 20) were randomly and equally assigned to six groups: control-healthy, MICT-healthy, HIIT-healthy, control-diabetes, MICT-diabetes, and HIIT-diabetes. At the first level, Streptozotocin (STZ) was utilized to induce diabetes in rats (at a dose of 55mg/kg). After that, the training groups performed HIIT and MICT programs on the rodent treadmill for 6 weeks (five-session/week). Twenty-four hours after the last intervention, soleus muscle was removed, and sent to aresearch facilityfor futureexaminations. HIIT and MICT increased the muscle FNDC5, myonectin, and GLUT4 gene expression compared to the control group (P < 0.05). The type of training had no significant effect on the FNDC5 (P > 0.05), while the MICT program induced a greater increase in the myonec ztin and GLUT4 compared to the HIIT program (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, a positive relationship between all variables was observed. Exercise training has a beneficial effect on diabetes conditions via the effect of FNDC5, myonectin, and GLUT4. Due to the correlation between myonectin and GLUT4 shown in the present study, physical activity may alter myonectin through its effect on GLUT requiring further investigation by subsequent studies.
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