Abstract
The objective of this study was to compare the effects of the dietary inclusion of hemp seed oil (HO) and poppy seed oil (PO) on the lipid metabolism and antioxidant status of lean and genetically obese Zucker rats. The rats were fed a control diet for laboratory rodents or a modification with HO or PO. Both oils reduced body and epididymal fat and liver cholesterol levels and promoted oxidative stress in the liver of obese rats. The HO reduced plasma triglycerides and had a stronger liver cholesterol-lowering effect in obese rats than PO. In the lean rats, HO and PO had no effects on the body fat content, plasma lipid profile, or lipid metabolism in the liver. HO considerably elevated the content of α-linolenic acid in the liver and increased the liver ratio of reduced glutathione (GSH)/oxidized glutathione (GSSG) in the lean rats. In conclusion, the regular consumption of both oils increases the accumulation of essential fatty acids in the liver of healthy animals, whilst not having any adverse effects on the body, whereas in genetically obese rats, the effects of both dietary oils on the lipid metabolism and antioxidant status are unequivocal and only partially beneficial.
Highlights
IntroductionPoppy and hemp are plant species mainly associated with their psychoactive and pain relief effects
Poppy and hemp are plant species mainly associated with their psychoactive and pain relief effects.their seeds are a good source of nutrients and other components, the consumption of which can be beneficial for health
Oils extracted from hemp and poppy seeds are rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), especially essential fatty acids, such as omega-6 linoleic acid and omega-3 α-linolenic acid, their composition considerably differs between one another
Summary
Poppy and hemp are plant species mainly associated with their psychoactive and pain relief effects. Their seeds are a good source of nutrients and other components, the consumption of which can be beneficial for health. Oils extracted from hemp and poppy seeds are rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), especially essential fatty acids, such as omega-6 linoleic acid and omega-3 α-linolenic acid, their composition considerably differs between one another. Hemp seed oil, besides displaying considerable amounts of linoleic acid (up to 56% of TFAs), is abundant in α-linolenic acid (20% of TFAs, which is over twice as much as in canola-type rapeseed oil)
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