Abstract
According to the constant deterioration of the environmental situation, the issue of preserving health of agricultural animals and obtaining safe livestock products is acute. One of the most effective ways to reduce the accumulation and ecotoxicants impact is pharmacological drugs usage and feed additives with different mechanisms of action. A comparative assessment of various agents exposed to heavy metals and nitrates in laboratory animals is presented. It was found that using feed with an increased content of heavy metals and nitrates increased the level of ecotoxicants in the organs and tissues of animals. Solvimin selenium enabled to reduce the accumulation of cadmium and lead in organism (up to 45 %), restore the normal amount of hemoglobin and the summation threshold, animals’ weight, protein and carbohydrate metabolism. However, it did not restore the indicators of the liver and kidneys functional state. The use of laricarvit showed a fairly high protective efficiency in removing cadmium (25– 30 %) and reducing the nitrates accumulation in the blood and muscles, normalizing the body weight of animals, the number of white blood cells, lymphocytes and methemoglobin. Detox injections successfully reduced the content of nitric nitrogen in the blood, in the liver and, to some extent, in the kidneys, while complete normalization of blood parameters was not observed.
Highlights
One of the most important environmental tasks is to prevent environmental pollution and provide rehabilitation of ecosystems polluted with ecotoxicants.In nature, ecotoxicants are rarely found in isolation from each other
Contamination of feed with salts of heavy metals led to a significant (7–8 times) increase in the level of cadmium and lead in animals’ bodies
It was found that the introduction feed with an overestimated level of heavy metals and nitrates into the animals’ diet led to an increase in the number of the above ecotoxicants in the organs and tissues of animals
Summary
One of the most important environmental tasks is to prevent environmental pollution and provide rehabilitation of ecosystems polluted with ecotoxicants. Ecotoxicants are rarely found in isolation from each other. A variety of combinations and their concentrations in the medium lead to changes in the properties of individual elements as a result of a synergistic or antagonistic effect on living organisms. It has been shown that the total toxicological effect of environmental pollution by heavy metals (HM) depends on the set and level of specific elements and on the characteristics of their mutual effects on the body [1,2,3]. It is subject to heavy metals, nitrates, pesticide residues and other substances that can and often do have a negative effect on human and animal health
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