Comparative Effect of Ulvan and Biosynthesized Silver Nanoparticles on Different Cell Lines Cytotoxicity and Gene Expression

Hadear Hanie Amin,Mohammed Ahmed Taha Abdelreheem

doi:10.3844/ojbsci.2020.125.133

Abstract

Until now, researchers searching for compounds that contribute for treating the most serious disease of this age, cancer. Researchers hope to contribute to this through this research. Activities of both Ulvan extracted from Ulva lactuca and silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) were examined against seven different cancer cell types called (Caco2 cells, A549 cells, Mcf7 cells, Hep2 cells, HepG2 cells, PC3 cells, HELA cells). Green synthesized Ag-NPs; via Ulva Lactuca; was characterized by UV-VIS, SEM and TEM. Cell viability assay was conducted to study cytotoxicity effects of both Ulvan and Ag-NPs treatments. RTPCR; using different sense and antisense primers; was carried out to study the expression of GAPDH, Bcl-2, Bax, P21 and P53 (apoptosis related genes) in treated cell lines. SEM and TEM showed that Ag-NPs shape is spherical with average size of 3.89-55 nm. Also, cell viability study showed that both Ulvan and Ag-NPs have cytotoxicity effects on different cancer cells. However, Ag-NPs are more effective than Ulvan. Gene expression data illustrated that both treatments induced down-regulation of Bcl2 and induced up-regulation of P53 genes. This work showed that both Ulvan and Ag-NPs have activities against the investigated cancer cell types.

Highlights

Nanotechnology is a modern science used for the synthesis of nanoparticles ranging from 1-100 nm at nuclear atomic or molecular level
This paper focuses on the effect of Ulvan extracted from Ulva lactuca and green synthesized silver nanoparticles using Ulva lactuca against many types of cancer cell lines, making comparison of both of them and studying their effects on gene expression of cancer cells
Ultra Violet-Visible (UV-VIS), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) were used to prove the success of the bio-reduction of silver nitrate by aqueous extract of Ulva lactuca into silver nanoparticles (Fig. 1-3) (Amin, 2020b)

Summary

Introduction

Nanotechnology is a modern science used for the synthesis of nanoparticles ranging from 1-100 nm at nuclear atomic or molecular level. The largest families are green, red and brown algae. Green algae such as macro algal Ulva lactuca called sea lettuce or green laver has many chemical constituents and has many biological activities such as anticoagulant, antiinflammatory, anti-hyperlipidemic, hypocholesterolemic, hepatoprotective, cytotoxic and insecticidal activity (Amin, 2019; Amin et al, 2015; Yu-Qing et al, 2016). Ulvan has hepatoprotective effects and can be used as antiviral, as antioxidant and as anticancer (Yu-Qing et al, 2016) and as prebiotic in food processing (Shalaby and Amin, 2019), as Ulvan is non-toxic (Tabarsa et al, 2018)

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Conclusion