Comparative effect of termiticides and plant extracts on mortality and tunnel formation of Odontotermes obesus

Muhammad Shahid Nisar

doi:10.19045/bspab.2020.90203

Abstract

Termites play a great role in recycling and decaying of materials but are serious threat to agricultural crops and buildings. There are various practices to control the termites like plant resistance, cultural, biological, physical barriers and synthetic chemicals. Most commonly, synthetic chemicals are used for their control. But the injudicious use of chemicals leads to serious environmental and health problems. Although insecticides of plant origin are safe alternatives to synthetic insecticides but due to their low potential they are not widely used and synthetic chemicals are still playing a great role in insect control. Many plant extracts have been found having anti-termitic properties. The present project was carried out in order to determine the comparative effect of termiticides and plant extracts on mortality and tunnel formation of Odontotermesobesus at Department of plant protection faculty of Agriculture, Ghazi University Dera Ghazi Khan. There were five treatments; two termiticides viz. Bifenthrin and Chlorfenapyr and three plant extracts (Dodonaea viscosa, Rhazya stricta and Citrullus colocynthis). Each treatment consisting of four concentrations i.e., 0% as a control, 1%, 5 % and 10% was tested. The experiment was laid out in Completely Randomized Design and treatments were replicated three times. The data on mortality and tunnel formation was recorded at specific intervals and statistically analyzed by using Kaplan Meier test to determine LT50 values of termiticides and plant extracts. The results showed that Bifenthrin as most effective treatment among chemicals while among plant extracts Dodonaea viscosa was found most effective having lower LT50 values. Keywords: Insecticides; Mortality; Plant extracts; Termites and Tunnel formation http://dx.doi.org/10.19045/bspab.2020.90203

Highlights

The results showed that Bifenthrin as most effective treatment among chemicals while among plant extracts Dodonaea viscosa was found most effective having lower LT50 values
Materials and methods Experimental site The current experiment was conducted at Entomological Laboratory Department of Plant protection, Ghazi University Dera Ghazi Khan Punjab, Pakistan to compare the effect of termiticides and plant extracts on mortality and tunnel formation of termites Experimental layout The experiment was laid out in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) having five treatments with three replications
Treatments The experiment comprised of following treatments: Termiticides T1: Bifenthrin 10EC T2: Chlorfenapyr 40EC Plant materials T3: Rhazyastricta (Leaves) T4: Dodonaea viscosa (Snatha, Leaves) T5: Citrullus colocynthis (Kortumma Fruits) Preparation of termiticides solution According to active ingredient 0%, 1%, 5%, and 10% solution of termiticides were prepared

Summary

Introduction

Termites are eu-social insects having welltropics and sub-tropics [3]. A total of 2600 defined system of morphological castes and species of termites are reported all over the division of labor in a colony [1, 2]. Keeping in view the importance of termites a laboratory trial was conducted to determine the effect of termiticides and plant extracts on mortality and tunnel formation of Odontotermes obesus. The highest mortality of the termites O. obesus was caused by Bifenthrin (T1) followed by Chlorfenapyr (T2), Dodonaea viscose (T4), R. stricta (T3) and Citrullus colocynthis (T5) @ 10% concentration with the LT50 305.986, 310, 406, 363.964 and 430 respectively. Tunnel formation of O. obesus Non-significant differences occurred among different time intervals of all concentrations (1%, 5% and 10%) of Bifenthrin application (Table 2). In case of Dodonaea viscosa plant extract application increases the tunnel formation was recorded at Time 3 interval (8%), Time variation was observed at all concentrations. In case of Citrullus colocynthis plant extract application, highly significant variation was recorded among time intervals (Time 1, 2 and 3) at 1% concentration. Reduced tunnel formation was recorded on 10% concentration in Time 1 interval (3%) while Time 2 (5.7%) and Time 3 (8.25%) showed statistically similar results

Discussion

Conclusion

Findings

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