Abstract
Chromosomally, <i>Leiopelma archeyi </i>is extremely similar to <i>L</i>. <i>hamiltoni, </i>a closely related species. Both have 2n = 18 chromosomes. Contrary to a previous report, the nucleolar organizer region and secondary constriction in <i>L</i>. <i>archeyi </i>are near the telomere of the smallest, telocentric chromosome, as in <i>L</i>. <i>hamiltoni</i>. The arm-length ratios of all chromosomes are virtually identical in the two species, expect for chromosomes 2 and 3, which show evidence of a past translocation. However, <i>L</i>. <i>archeyi </i>has much less heterochromatin than does <i>L</i>. <i>hamiltoni, </i>and, unlike <i>L</i>. <i>hamiltoni, </i>heteromorphic sex chromosomes are not discernable. These frogs demonstrate two stages in the evolution of sex-chromosome differentiation related to the extent of heterochromatin accumulation.
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