COMPARATIVE CHEMICAL PROFILING OF ESSENTIAL OIL COMPONENTS USING GC-MS IN MICRO, MINI AND MOTHER RHIZOMES OF KAEMPFERIA GALANGA L.

Abstract

Kaempferia galanga L. is a pharmaceutically and traditionally important medicinal plant. Its rhizomes are having potential demand in ayurvedic drug preparation. The study presented here reports the essential oil components analysed using GC-MS in three samples of K. galanga such as the microrhizomes raised through tissue culture technique, the mini rhizomes harvested from the field transferred tissue culture-derived plants and the mother rhizomes, which are the stock plants (control). Potent bioactive compounds like ethyl-p-methoxycinnamate, ethyl cinnamate, borneol and pentadecane were detected in the samples. The amount ethyl p- methoxycinnamate was very high in microrhizome (58.088%) and minirhizome oil (31.24%) as compared to in vivo mother rhizome. The amount of ethlyl cinnamate was 9.21% in microrhizome oil and it increased to 39.42% in minirhizome oil. Pentadecane recorded 1.482% in microrhizome and its amount increased to 4.49% in minirhizome oil, while the amount was noticed in in vivo mother rhizome. Borneol was analysed from micro (1.349%) and minirhizome oil (3.57%) samples but it was absent in mother rhizome. In our study, in vitro microrhizome and minirhizomes essential oil depicted superior quality in terms of the bioactive compounds and was on par with the mother rhizome oil. The in vitro production methodology developed here would help in the large scale production of pharmacologically important components from K. galanga.