Comparative chemical composition of seeds of amaranth varieties introduced in Uzbekistan

Jamolitdin F. Ziyavitdinov,Uchqun J. Ishimov,Akmal M. Asrorov,Nadjiya N. Abrekova,Nodir Sh. Berdiev,Shuhratjon S. Olimjonov,Soyibjon S. Bozorov,Muydinjon M. Muminov

doi:10.36547/nbc.v19i1.578

Abstract

Amaranth is one of ancient cultured plants possessing valuable food quality that is still important in modern agriculture. In this work, we studied the seed chemical compositions of four plant varieties of Amaranthus cruentus and Amaranthus hypochondriacus species, acclimatized in Uzbekistan. Quantity of free amino acids, amino acids compositions of proteins, vitamins, oligo- and polysaccharides were established using chemical and physical methods. Our results on protein content suggest that introduction of these varieties into eco-climate of Andijan region, Uzbekistan, was not very favorable, though proteins resembled up to 9.4 – 13.4 % (w/w) of seed biomass. Of the water-soluble vitamins tested, the vitamin B1 was most abundant (0.81 – 1.14 µg.g-1 of seed) with significant differences among the acclimatized varieties. Impact of feeding rats with seeds flour of studied Helios variety was established. Blood levels of triglycerides, high-, low- and very low-density lipoproteins, catalase activity under hyperlipidemia were analyzed. We found Helios variety seed flour, possibly because of high saccharides content, significantly lowered the levels of total cholesterol (-26 %) and low-density lipoproteins (-21 %). The acclimatized varieties were identified as potentially valuable food source possessing antihyperlipidemic property.

Highlights

The increasing number of world population necessitates to use plant resources, having nutritive quality, more and efficiently
Nonessential free amino acids in Amaranthus hypochondriacus varieties were found significantly higher than the varieties of Amaranthus cruentus species (Table 3)
In this work we compared the chemical compositions of the seed flour of four amaranth varieties belonging to A. hypochondriacus and A. cruentus series, acclimatized in Uzbekistan

Summary

Introduction

The increasing number of world population necessitates to use plant resources, having nutritive quality, more and efficiently. Updated reviews on its chemical compositions have shown its high nutritive quality: oils, fatty acids, proteins and peptides, free amino acids, squalene, tocopherols and tocotrienols, sterols and other lipophilic compounds, carbohydrates, dietary fiber and other constituents (Singh and Singh 2011; Venskutonis and Kraujalis 2013) These papers report highly differing amounts of compounds in various amaranth varieties. In order to obtain phenylthiocarbamoyl (FTC) derivatives purified samples and standard amino acid were modified with water-ethanol-. On the sixth day of the treatment the blood samples of the animals were used for the quantification of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides, low-density lipoproteins LDL, high density lipoproteins (HDL), very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) and catalase activity These parameters were calculated by Friedewald equation according to state standards.

Results and Discussion

19 Lysine

14. Histidine

Conclusions