Comparative characteristics of vegetative support of central hemodynamics and physical performance of runners on 400 meters of both genders

Abstract

Scientific search in the direction of the analysis of the mechanisms of adaptive reorganizations in the female body under the influence of sports and diagnostics of functional state is essential and urgent problem, which is of great importance in sports medicine. There is evidence of the convergence of the laws of sport performance in high class of male and female athletes who specialize in one and the same sport as the convergence of their morphological and functional parameters. The aim of this study was to make comparisons of heart rate variability, central hemodynamics and physical performance of the runners in the 400 meters of both genders. Materials and methods. In the preparatory period of the training process 100 athletes , specializing in run on 400 meters, were examined. 55 (55%) were men and 45 (45%)- women. Distribution by qualification of men: 11 of them had master of sports (MS) qualifications – master of sports of international class (MSIC), 19 –candidate master (CMS), the athletes qualifications of 1 level – 12 and 13 athletes qualifications of II–III level. Women's qualification consists of athletes MS–MSIC – 7, 15 athletes qualifications of CMS, athletes qualifications of 1 level – 14 and 12 athletes qualifications of II–III level. Study of heart rate variability (HRV) and the central hemodynamics was performed on diagnostic automated complex CARDIO+ with the capability of automatic analysis of HRV and central hemodynamics. Also mathematical analysis techniques for the analysis of vegetative regulation of cardiac activity was used. Temporal and spectral indices of HRV were studied. Central hemodynamics was studied by automated tetrapolar rheography by W. Kubicek et al. in Pushkar Y.T. et al. modification. Determination of physical performance was carried out by the usual method on the cycle ergometer using submaximal test PWC 170 . Results and discussion. In men, the runners on 400 m, qualifications of MS–MSIC predominant sympathetic influence of the ANC was diagnosed. In women of a similar qualifications hypokinetic TC is more common and there are no differences among the values of physical performance and index of function state. Runners qualifications of CMS have the predominance of parasympathetic ANS influences, eukinetic TC and absent differences among the values PWC 170 /kg and IFS. Runners qualifications of 1 level obtained data showing the predominance of parasympathetic ANS influences and hypokinetic TC (in women – eukinetic), large value PWC 170 /kg on 17.8% and ISF on 25.2%. In runners qualifications of II–III level (men) recorded a preponderance of parasympathetic ANS influences, they have, as in women, dominated eukinetic TC, large average size of PWC 170 /kg on 35.0% and on 22.2% IFS.