Abstract
Purpose of the study. To compare the effectiveness and safety of using autologous hematopoietic stem cells without freezing in multiple myeloma.Materials and methods. The study was carried out in the transplantation department of the Republican Scientific and Practical Medical Center of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The study included 82 patients with multiple myeloma who underwent autologous bone marrow transplantation between 2014 and 2020 and was retrospective in nature based on medical records. The patients were divided into 2 groups – I without freezing (40 patients), II – with freezing of stem cells (42 patients). The average age was 47±4.5 years, the male to female ratio was 32 (39%) and 50 (61%), respectively. The timing of hematopoietic restoration, length of hospital stay, viability of hematopoietic cells and 5-year overall and relapse-free survival in both groups were analyzed.Results and discussion. In the study groups, immediately after apheresis of peripheral hematopoietic stem cells, viability was 96-98%. In group I, at the time of administration, the number of living cells in the graft was the same 96-98%, and in group II, at the time of transplantation, viability was at the level of 79-93%, which was associated with cell loss during freezing, thawing and exposure to Dimethylsulfoxide. Also, the use of an unfrozen transplant increased the recovery time of hematopoiesis after transplantation to 11 days, while the frozen transplant was restored by the 15th day. Complications associated with preservative toxicity occurred in group II in 100% of patients. The study did not reveal any difference in 5-year overall and disease-free survival. In group I, relapse-free survival was 63%, in group II -60% (p = 0.2). When assessing overall 5-year survival between groups I and II, there was also no significant difference: 78% and 74% (p = 0.1).Conclusions. The data obtained in the study allow us to conclude that transplantation with non-frozen peripheral hematopoietic stem cells is an effective and safe method and does not have a significant difference when comparing long-term results in cryofrozen peripheral hematopoietic stem cells.
Published Version
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