Comparative Assessment of Promising Soybean Varieties at the Final Selection Stage

Abstract

AbstractThe purpose of the research was to identify promising soybean varieties at the final stage of breeding using a multi-criteria assessment, studying resistance to local populations of phytopathogens, assessing the resistance of samples to stressful growing conditions, and establishing correlations between economically valuable traits. Strong positive corrrelationships between yield and mass of seeds per plant and number of beans and seeds per plant (r = 0.79–0.88) were established. Promising soybean varieties Primorskaya 1625 and Primorskaya 1595 have the best integrated assessment for a set of traits (−1.4 and 2.2, respectively). Based on the testing results, small-seeded vegetable soybean variety Primorskaya 1628 was submitted for testing to the State Commission for the Protection of Breeding Achievements. According to the results of the study of soybean disease resistant varieties against the natural background of the development of phytopathogens (Septoria glycines Hemmi, Cercospora sojina Hara, Peronospora manshurica Naum.), resistant (11–25% of damage) and medium resistant (26–50%) samples were identified. After forced infection, their immune status changed to moderately resistant and susceptible (51–75%), respectively. When assessing resistance to stressful growing conditions, soybean varieties with high adaptive potential were identified: Primorskaya 1628 (−1.5), Primorskaya 1551 (−7.7) and Primorskaya 1623 (−10.7). The efficiency and objectivity of the application of biological statistics methods in the comparative assessment of promising soybean breeding material is noted.KeywordsSoybeanCultivarIntegral assessmentBreeding processCorrelationAdaptabilityResistanceFungal diseases