Comparative Assessment of Phytochemicals, Antioxidant, and Antimicrobial Potential of Stem Bark and Small Branches of Buchanania cochinchinensis (Lour.) MR Almeida for Substitution in Ayurvedic Drugs

Abstract

Aim: Present study was intended to investigate the physicochemical parameters, phytochemical constituents, and biochemical studies of the stem bark (STB) and small branches (SBs) of Buchanania cochinchinensis (Lour.) MR Almeida. Materials and methods: The parameters were checked in different solvent systems, viz., petroleum ether, acetone, and methanol. Results: Significant antioxidant (10–85%) and antimicrobial (5–20 mm) activities were observed in acetone and methanolic extracts of STB and SB as compared to the controls. In acetone and methanolic extracts, the observed values for total phenol content (TPC) ranged from 10 mg to 93 mg of gallic acid equivalent per gram of extract and the total flavonoid content (TFC) ranged from 30 mg to 87 mg of quercetin equivalent (QE) per gram of extract. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) protein interaction studies of all the extracts were performed and the observed values for binding constant ranged from 22 to 62 × 10-5 μM-1. Conclusion: Overall, acetone and methanolic extracts of STB and SB of plant have shown significant results in medicinal aspects mentioned above. Clinical significance: These comparative findings of STB and SB of Buchanania cochinchinensis (Lour.) MR Almeida provide undeniable systematic facts of its beneficial prospective as an Ayurvedic drug.