Abstract
The Greek concept of punishment is variously expressed. In contrast, the Hebrew Bible confines itself to the literary presentation of general human sentiments and experiences, and of Israel's belief and values. The theories advanced by modern penologists, philosophers and theologians witness to a rational intent to elucidate the moral justification of punishment, and show what in principle can be said about the subject as a whole. A rational approach is characteristic not only of systematic philosophy but also of literary accounts of beliefs and values. In the Hebrew Bible the use of rationality is important than many exegetes admit. In contradistinction to the practice of other ancient religions, the Hebrew Bible is represented as a book of divine revelation. The personal nature of God is the cornerstone of the Bible. It is important to emphasize that only truly basic inclinations and precepts are immutable and invariable indicators of natural law.Keywords: divine revelation; Hebrew Bible; punishment; rational approach
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