Comparative Antimicrobrial Activity of Peel and Juice Extract of Citrus Fruits Growing in Kurdistan/Iraq

Abstract

Citrus fruits is an important medicinal plant of the family Rutaceae. Qualitative and quantitative evaluation of antimicrobial activity of peel and juice ethanol 80% extract were performed by agar well diffusion method, minimum inhibitory concentration value by microtiter broth dilution method against five gram positive and two gram negative bacteria, while minimum bactericidal concentration evaluated by plate cultures. The results of antibiotic susceptibility test indicated that all isolated bacterial strains showed sensitivity to chloramphenicol, azithromysin and norfloxacin. All used citrus fruits showed antimicrobial activity either alone or in combination of peel and juice extracts against isolated bacterial strain. From isolated bacterial strain Staphylococcus auricularis showed highest sensitivity against Citrus limon juice with inhibition zone (22mm), in combination with peel (35mm) and Citrus sinensis in combination form showed inhibition zone (19mm). Citrus limon juice alone and in combination with peel extract exhibit inhibitory activity against gram positive and gram negative bacteria 100%. While Citrus sinensis in combination form showed activity only against gram positive bacteria 20%. On comparison of antimicrobial activity different citrus fruits the results showed that Citrus limon showed highest antimicrobial activity followed by Citrus reticulata, then Citrus paradisi and the lowest activity exhibited by Citrus sinensis.