Comparative antimicrobial study of bark extract (Aqueous, Chloroform, Ethanol) of Pum Kutaja (Holarrhena antidysenterica [Linn] Wall ex.G.Don) & Stri Kutaja (Wrightia tinctoria R.Br)

Abstract

Antimicrobial resistance has become a global health crisis, leading to increase morbidity, mortality and health care costs. Antibiotic resistance is a growing global health concern. Overuse and misuse of antibiotics have led to the emergence of bacteria that are resistant to many commonly used drugs. Natural plant-based medicines offer an alternative approach to combat infections, as they contain various bioactive compounds that can effectively inhibit the growth of bacteria, fungi, viruses, and other microorganisms. This study describes a procedure for retrieving the ethanol, chloroform, and aqueous extracts from the bark samples of Sample A - Pum Kutaja (Holarrhena antidysenterica [Linn] Wall ex.G.Don) and Sample B - Stri Kutaja (Wrightia tinctoria R.Br) testing them against a variety of microorganisms, both Gram-negative bacteria Vibrio cholerae (MTCC 3906), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853), Escherichia coli (ATCC2592), and Gram-positive bacteria Streptococcus pneumoniae (MTCC 655), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 29213) and fungus Candida albicans (MTCC 227) for antimicrobial effect.