Abstract
The present study aims to give some details about the normal anatomical and histological structure of the liver, pancreas and gall bladder in Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, 1758 and Mesopotamichthys sharpeyi (Gunther, 1874). Anatomical results revealed that the liver of C. carpio is a reddish-brown in color, located in the anterior part of abdominal cavity and dispersed between most of the intestines, which is divided into two lobes; while in M. sharpeyi the liver is light brown in color located in the anterior part of abdominal cavity and extends to the end of the intestinal tract with two lobs. The gallbladder situated in the right side of the liver in both species. Histological results in both species showed that the liver consists of hepatocytes arranged radially around a central vein, separated by blood sinusoids, not divided into distinct hexagonal lobules, no portal traids as in higher vertebrates. The wall of gallbladder consist of three distinct layers: Tunica mucosa, tunica muscularis and tunica serosa. Microscopic results showed that exocrine pancreatic tissue was diffused type in both species located in liver and consists of acini as hepatopancreas , however, pancreatic tissue diffused between the intestinal coiling in C. carpio, and in the internal surface of the liver in M. sharpeyi. Endocrine parts of pancreas were observed in few numbers of cell masses in various sizes among exocrine pancreatic cells.
Highlights
The liver is the major and the important organs in alimentary tract, and is an indicator of health in the fish body (Sarvestani, 2017)
Anatomical observations Liver: The anatomical results of the present study which concerned with liver showed that the liver of the C. carpio was relatively large, reddish-brown in color, longitudinal in shape, hepatic tissues that surrounded and dispersed between most of the intestine (Pl.1), these results come in parallel with what has been mentioned by Farag et al (2014)
Marwa Azeez Akoul and Suha Abdul-Khaliq AL-Jowari These results were agreed with, Faccioli et al (2014) who described the liver of Hemisorubim platyrhynchos (Valenciennes,1840) and with Mokhtar (2018) who described the liver of Ctenopharyngodon idella (Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1844) which have two lobes, while disagree in paddlefish Polyodon spathula (Walbaum,1792), the liver has three principle lobes (Weisel, 1973)
Summary
The liver is the major and the important organs in alimentary tract, and is an indicator of health in the fish body (Sarvestani, 2017). The gall bladder in fish is an accessory organ of the digestive system that secretes and stores concentrated bile (Holt, 2011); it is usually found within the liver somewhere, a hollow structure of the fundus at the end of the sac and body as well as the neck that opens in the cystic duct (Mohammed, 2001). The digestive system in fish shows marked variety in its anatomy and function; this is associated with the taxonomy and various feeding behaviors, as well as the shape of the body (Abdulhadi, 2005). This work objectives to understand the anatomical and histological structure of liver, pancreas and gall bladder in both fish species C. carpio and Mesopotamichthys sharpeyi (Günther, 1874)
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