Comparative analysis of volatiles from needles of five-needle pines of northern and eastern Eurasia

Abstract

The chemical composition of essential oil samples from needles of six species of five-needle pines (Pinus pumila, Pinus sibirica, Pinus parviflora, Pinus armandii, Pinus koraiensis, and Pinus cembra) and one natural interspecific hybrid Pinus sibirica × Pinus pumila has been studied by the chromato-mass spectrometry method. Essential oils have been prepared by simultaneous steam distillation-extraction. The analysis of the samples’ composition showed that the main constituents of the essential oils were the following mono- and sesquiterpenic compounds: α-pinene (5–63%), camphene (0.7–3.6%), β-pinene (0.7–7%), β-myrcene (0.5–3.4%), 3-carene (0–16%), limonene (0.6–7.9%), β-phellandrene (0.7–5.3%), terpinolene (0.4–6.7%), bornyl acetate (0.2–12%), α-terpenyl acetate (0–4.6%), caryophyllene (0.4–24%), humulene (0.1–4%), germacrene D (0.1–24%), bicyclogermacrene (0.1–3.6%), γ-cadinene (0.9–2.3%), δ-cadinene (2.2–6.1%), germacrene D-4-ol (0–6.8%), T-cadinol (0.7–2.9%), and α-cadinol (0.7–6.0%).