Comparative Analysis of TPR Gene Family in Cucurbitaceae and Expression Profiling under Abiotic Stress in Cucumis melo L.

Abstract

Tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) proteins play numerous roles in plant growth and development by mediating protein–protein interactions in biological systems by binding to peptide ligands. Although genome-wide analyses of the TPR gene family in other species have been performed, its evolution and function in Cucurbitaceae remain unclear. In this study, 144 TPR genes from 11 genomes of eight Cucurbitaceae species with a heterogeneous distribution on the chromosomes were characterized. Based on the homology between Cucurbitaceae and Arabidopsis, the TPR genes were divided into four groups, and the evolutionary relationships of the Benincaceae and Cucurbitaceae tribes were also represented in a phylogenetic tree. Using the ‘DHL92′ genome as a reference, an integrated chromosome map was obtained containing 34 loci, 4 of which were common to the Cucurbitaceae. Cis-regulatory element analysis showed that these elements are essential for melon development and responses to light, phytohormones, and various stresses. CmTPR tissue- and development-specific expression analysis revealed differential expression patterns under normal growth conditions. Furthermore, the CmTPR genes responded to various abiotic stressors. Overall, this study offers insights into the evolutionary history of the TPR gene family in Cucurbitaceae and provides valuable information for elucidating the potential role of CmTPR genes during development and under different stresses in melon.