Comparative Analysis of Three Surface Treatments on the Bond Strength of Zirconia to Resin-luting Agents: An In Vitro Study.

Abstract

To study the impact of three different surface treatments namely sandblasting, silane-coupling agent, and laser on the retention of zirconia prosthesis and bond strength of zirconia to a resin-luting agent. Sixty zirconia crowns were fabricated and were divided into four groups of 15 samples each on the basis of surface treatments. A control group with no surface treatment (group A), laser-treated (group B), treatment with silane-coupling agent (group C), and sandblasting with aluminium oxide (Al2O3) particles (group D). Testing was then carried out using a universal testing machine (0.5 mm/min crosshead speed). At a point where the crown got separated from the tooth, the reading in kilogram force (kgF) was recorded. The data were collected and analyzed statistically. Group D produced the highest mean bond strength (17.5233 kgF) followed by group B (10.0067 kgF), group C (8.6907 kgF), and group A (3.3773 kgF). One-way ANOVA test showed a p-value more than 0.05, concluding no significant difference among the groups. Tukey's HSD post hoc test gave the p-value corresponding to the F-statistic of one-way ANOVA lower than 0.01 when intergroup comparison was done confirming a significant difference among the groups. The bond strength significantly increased in the samples treated by sandblasting compared with those treated with laser and silane-coupling agents. The success of a zirconia prosthesis lies on its bonding with the tooth structure. Bond failure leads to loss of function and hence ends up in failure. Selection of the proper surface treatment will not only improve the bond strength but also amplify the retention of zirconia-based prosthesis, thereby reducing the failure of the final prosthesis. It also improves the longevity of the prosthesis and restores the lost function which is the basic clinical aim of a prosthodontic treatment.