Abstract
The purpose of this article is to identify the phonostructural and lexical-semantic features of the Yakut-Mongolian lexical parallels, denoting the names of the horse coat color. It is known that the horse is a sacred animal in the Yakut and Mongolian culture and therefore the terminology of horse breeding is very developed and rich in both languages. In the furtherance of this goal, we used several methods of research; the main ones are component and distributive analyses. We used the component analysis to reveal the lexical-semantic feature of the parallels. The lexemes were divided into three groups: a) the stability of the lexical meaning of the word; b) a partial coincidence of the lexical meaning of the word; c) a noticeable change in the lexical meaning of the word. With the help of distributive analysis, we showed the phonostructural feature of the adjectives' names, denoting the name of the horse coat colors, and also revealed ethnocultural differences and similarities. As a result of the study, 13 Yakut-Mongolian parallels were found. As is known, there are about 200 kinds of horse coat colors, and to distinguish all of them, different nations use their complex adjectives. Therefore, the Yakut-Mongolian parallels are divided into 2 categories: one-component (9 items) and two-component (4 items). When analyzing the structural type of one-component lexical parallels, it was revealed that 4 out of 9 parallels were subjected to a structural change. Of the 5 parallels with the absolute coincidence of the structural types there are three Yakut stems: sālir , būlur, kurӓŋ , in all probability, they are late borrowings from the Mongolian language. Component analysis has shown that preservation of the stability of lexical meanings is noted in 31% (4) parallels, a slight lexical change occurred in 39% (5) parallels, notable lexical changes - in 31% (4) parallels.
Highlights
The issue of origin and historical development of the Yakut language to date remains one of the important and insufficiently studied aspects of the research requiring systematic study
One-component lexical parallels in terms of structural types are considered in the following order: 1) with an absolute coincidence of 39% (5): 1) [VCV: C] = [VCV: C]: yak. ulān 'bright gray' // mong. ulān 'red, scarlet, rosy'; 2) [CV: CVC] = [CV: CVC]: yak. sālïr 'light-bay' // mong. sāral 'gray, ashen, dirty; dun’; 3) [CVCVC] = [CVCVC]: yak. kürӓŋ 'bay' // mong. qürӓŋ 'brown, bay; dark-red'; 4) [CVCV: C] = [CVCV: C]: yak. maŋās 'with a white mark on the muzzle regardless of coat color' // mong. mağās 'star'; 5) [CV: CVC] = [CV: CVC]): yak. būlur 'flecked' // mong. būral 'flecked; gray’
The phonostructural, lexical-semantic, morphological, and distributive analyzes allow us to draw the following conclusions: 1. In the course of the study, according to the lexicographic sources we identified 13 Yakut and Mongolian lexical parallels, indicating of horse coat color
Summary
The issue of origin and historical development of the Yakut language to date remains one of the important and insufficiently studied aspects of the research requiring systematic study. It involves additional language material from other related and unrelated languages as to comparative and typological aspects of diachronic and synchronic sections. The hypothesis of the non-Türkic origin of the Yakut language was first put forward by V.V. Radlov, dividing the historical development of the Yakut language into three stages, where the Yakut language is regarded as the dialect of the Mongolian language (Radlov, 1908). Shamaeva (2012) marked a certain influence of the Mongolian language on the historical development of the Yakut language Sleptsov (2008), G. Levin (2013), S.D. Eginova (2014), A.E. Shamaeva (2012) marked a certain influence of the Mongolian language on the historical development of the Yakut language
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