Abstract
The present study focused on comparative proteome analyses of low- and high-temperature stresses and potential protein-protein interaction networks, constructed by using a bioinformatics approach, in response to both stress conditions.The data revealed two important points: first, the results indicate that low-temperature stress is tightly linked with oxidative stress as well as photosynthesis; however, no specific mechanism is revealed in the case of the high-temperature stress response. Second, temperature stress was revealed to be linked with nitrogen and ammonia assimilation. Moreover, the data also highlighted the cross-talk of signaling pathways. Some of the detected signaling proteins, e.g., Hik14, Hik26 and Hik28, have potential interactions with differentially expressed proteins identified in both temperature stress conditions. Some differentially expressed proteins found in the Spirulina protein-protein interaction network were also examined for their physical interactions by a yeast two hybrid system (Y2H). The Y2H results obtained in this study suggests that the potential PPI network gives quite reliable potential interactions for Spirulina. Therefore, the bioinformatics approach employed in this study helps in the analysis of phenomena where proteome analyses of knockout mutants have not been carried out to directly examine for specificity or cross-talk of signaling components.
Highlights
Under thermal stress conditions, cells undergo many cellular modifications in order to survive and grow
General overview Proteomic analyses of S. platensis responding to immediate low- and high-temperature shifts, from 35°C to 22°C and 40°C, respectively, were performed by using two approaches, 2D-DIGE and iTRAQ LC-MS/MS
Twenty-eight, sixteen and two differentially expressed proteins were revealed in the soluble, thylakoid membrane (TM) and plasma membrane (PM) fractions, respectively, whereas, two proteins were detected in all subcellular fractions, and three proteins were found in soluble and TM fractions [Additional file 5 Table S3]
Summary
Cells undergo many cellular modifications in order to survive and grow. These modifications are generated by a network of genes that are up- or down-regulated either simultaneously or in cascade. Spirulina cells encounter temperature fluctuations, associated with outdoor mass cultivation, that have a Physiological changes to the fatty acid content of the cytoplasmic membrane are observed in Spirulina platensis. In comparison with cells maintained at the ideal growth temperature (35°C), S. platensis cells synthesize up to 23% more g-linolenic acid (GLA; C18:3Δ9,12,6) after a temperature downshift (22°C), whereas the GLA level decreases approximately 30% upon a temperature increase (40°C) [2]. Extensive studies on the expression and regulation of desaturase genes in response to temperature changes have been performed by using a gene-by-gene approach [3]
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