Comparative analysis of the regenerative potential of blood derivatives on a cell model of corneal stromal injury

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Agents based on blood derivatives contain substances that accelerate the healing of wound defects. Nowadays data have been accumulated that various blood derivatives have different effects on regeneration processes. Therefore, a comparative study of the effect of several types of such preparations on the corneal stromas cell culture is relevant.
 AIM: Impact assessment of 3 different blood derivatives on the processes of proliferation, migration and cell death of keratocytes in vitro.
 MATERIAL AND METHODS: This study was conducted on a primary cell culture of human corneal keratocytes. Blood samples were obtained from the cubital vein of healthy volunteers after signing informed consent to participate in the study. Monolayer wound healing test, formazan test to assess proliferation, staining for Annexin V to assess the processes of apoptosis and necrosis were perfomed. Moreover, effect evaluation of platelet-rich plasma, intact serum and processed serum were performed.
 RESULTS: It was shown that all 3 stimulants have a positive effect on the regeneration of the experimental stromal defect, but it is implemented in different ways. Processed whey showed the greatest stimulating effect on the process of cell migration. This serum reduced the level of cell death, but had almost no effect on proliferation processes. It is advisable to further study different types of stimulants to obtain processed serum. Intact serum increased the percentage of dividing cells more than others, but also proportionally increased the percentage of death in culture. Platelet-rich plasma showed the weakest effect on the migratory ability of keratocytes, but it still differed significantly from the control. This stimulator had little effect on the process of cell division, and had no effect on the overall level of cell death.
 CONCLUSION: Experimental data can be taken into account in choosing of the management in clinical practice and personalized usage of blood derivatives, specifically in prescribing some blood derivatives to accelerate regeneration, and other derivatives for reducing cell deaths processes.