Abstract
The strategies for developing rotavirus (RV) vaccines have always been controversial. At present, both the monovalent RV vaccine and the multivalent RV vaccine have displayed excellent safety and efficacy against RV infection and shown cross-reactive immunity, which laid the question whether the multivalent RV vaccine could be replaced by the monovalent RV vaccine. In this study, we focused on comparing the immunogenicity (serum neutralization activity and protection against homotypic and heterotypic RVs’ challenge) of individual standard RV strains (monovalent RV immunogens) and different combinations of them (multivalent RV immunogens). In result, RV immunogens showed general immunogenicity and heterotypic reaction but the multivalent RV immunogens exhibited greater serum neutralization activity and stronger heterotypic reaction than the monovalent RV immunogens (P<0.05). As to the protection, the multivalent RV immunogens also revealed more rapid and stronger protection against homotypic and heterotypic RVs’ challenge than the monovalent RV immunogens. The results demonstrated that both the monovalent and multivalent RV immunogens exhibited high immunogenicity, but the monovalent RV immunogens could not provide enough neutralization antibodies to protect MA104 cells against the infection with heterotypic RV strains and timely protection against homotypic and heterotypic RVs, so the multivalent RV vaccine could not be replaced by the monovalent RV vaccine.
Highlights
Rotaviruses (RVs) are the predominant cause of severe dehydrating diarrhea among infants and young children worldwide
We examined three standard RV strains, Wa (G1P[8]), SA11 (G3P [1]), Gottfried (G4P[6]) which carried different G genotypes and P genotypes, to evaluate the serum neutralization activity of them and different combinations of them and the protection against homotypic and heterotypic RVs’ challenge to provide a theoretical basis for the future development of RV vaccines
The quantities of all the three RV immunogens were adjusted to 107.0 culture infective dose 50% (CCID50)/ml in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) according to the infectious titers reported above
Summary
Rotaviruses (RVs) are the predominant cause of severe dehydrating diarrhea among infants and young children worldwide. It has been estimated that 39% of these diarrhea deaths in children under 5 years of age are due to RVs [1]. This disease has resulted in the deaths of nearly 450,000 young children less than 5 years of age globally each year and has been regarded to place a heavy burden on both developed and developing countries [2,3]. Immunogenicity of monovalent and multivalent RV immunogens. Yunnan Research Program of Application Foundation and Advanced Technology, self-raised funds (project number: 2013FZ140) (receiver: JW, role: data collection and analysis); the PUMC Youth Fund and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (project number: 33320140082) (receiver: YZ, role: the funder had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript); and Science and Technology Plan Project of Yunnan Province-Key New Product Development (project number: 2014BC008) (receiver: HL, role: study design and decision to publish)
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