Comparative Analysis of the Catalog of Individual Sunspots Based on Data from Kislovodsk Mountain Astronomical Station

Abstract

A comparative analysis of sunspot sizes in sunspot groups was performed. For this analysis, we used the database of characteristics of individual sunspots and pores according to observations at the Kislovodsk Mountain Astronomical Station (KMAS) and the photoheliographic data from the Debrecen Heliographical Observatory, Hungary (DPD). We found agreement in the full area index for sunspot groups. However, in the DPD data for 1974–2018, the number of groups is ~50% higher than that for the KMAS data. The difference is that there are a large number of groups in the DPD data with an area of 1 mdp or less. We also found a significant difference in the properties of spots and pores of different types within the group. A significant difference in the distribution pattern of the sunspot area, which is the largest in the group Smax and other spots Snomax, was detected. There are two local maxima, $${\text{S}}_{{{\text{spt}}}}^{1}$$ ~ 8–10 mdp and $${\text{S}}_{{{\text{spt}}}}^{2}$$ ~ 130–180 mdp, in the area distribution of the largest sunspot Smax in the group. The first maximum is associated with the existence of pores and transition spots in which the penumbra is at the formation stage. The second maximum Smax in the distribution is associated with the existence of regular spots. For the remaining spots Snomax in the group, the area distribution function monotonically decreases with increasing area.