Comparative analysis of the biological effects of the endodontic bioactive cements MTA-Angelus, MTA Repair HP and NeoMTA Plus on human dental pulp stem cells.

Abstract

To evaluate the biological effects invitro of MTA-Angelus (MTA-Ang; Angelus, Londrina, PR, Brazil), MTA Repair HP (MTA-HP; Angelus) and NeoMTA Plus (NeoMTA-P; Avalon Biomed Inc, Bradenton, FL, USA) on human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs). Cell viability and cell migration assays were performed using eluates of each material. To evaluate cell morphology and cell attachment to the different materials, hDPSCs were directly seeded onto the material surfaces and analysed by immunocytofluorescence and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. The chemical composition of the materials was determined by energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), and eluates were analysed by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Statistical analysis was performed with the analysis of variance and Bonferroni or Tukey post-test (α<0.05). Undiluted MTA-Ang, MTA-HP and NeoMTA-P displayed a significant increase in cell viability greater than that obtained using complete medium alone (control) (*P<0.05; **P<0.01; ***P<0.001). Moreover, a cell migration assay revealed cell migration rates after incubation with extracts of MTA-Ang, MTA-HP and NeoMTA-P that were similar to levels obtained in the control group. In addition, stretched cytoskeletal F-actin fibres were detected in the cells treated with the three material extracts. SEM studies revealed a high degree of cell proliferation and attachment on all three materials. EDX analysis demonstrated similar weight percentages of C, O and Ca in all three materials, whilst other elements such as Al, Si and S were also found. MTA-Ang, MTA-HP and NeoMTA-P were associated with biological effects on hDPSCs in terms of cell proliferation, morphology, migration and attachment.