Abstract
Fish species exhibit great diversity rating of aging (from negligible to rapid), which gives a unique possibility for the discovery of the molecular mechanisms that determine the differences in the rate of aging. A mass spectrometric metabolic profiling of skeletal muscle of fish with various aging rates was carried out by direct injection to a quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometer. The first group includes long-lived fish species (pike (Esox Lucius) and sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus); the second group—species with gradual senescence such as that observed in many mammalian species of similar size (zander (Sandra lucioperca) and perch (Perca fluviatilis)) and the third group—species with very short life cycle (chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) and pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha)). Multivariate analysis of metabolic profiles allowed the detecting of about 80 group-specific features associated with amino acids, lipids, biogenic amines, intermediates of glycolysis, glycogenolysis, and citric acid cycle. Possible roles in the aging process are hypothesized for the biochemical pathways of the metabolites that were altered in the different groups.
Highlights
A great range of ages is observed among different animals, including various species of fish
Metabolite ions that were found at least in 70% of samples in each of the compared groups were admitted to the analysis
Principal component analysis of mass spectrometry spectra allowed validating the presence of significant differences in metabolic composition between samples related to different groups (Figure 1)
Summary
A great range of ages is observed among different animals, including various species of fish. Some fish species (rockfish, sturgeon) has not revealed any age-related decline in their physiological capacity (including reproduction) for several decades of observation. Finch has proposed to divide organisms into three categories differing in the rate of aging: negligible (long-lived species), gradual (species whose aging rate is similar to mammal species), and rapid (species with very short life cycle) [3]. Pike (Esox Lucius) can be attributed to the same group [5] Such species as guppy, red panchax, medaka, platyfish, Indian murrel, zander, and perch exhibit gradual senescence, which is typical for most vertebrates [4,6]
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