Abstract
Objective. To evaluate accuracy between pedicle screw placement in vertebral bodies achieved in vivo with freehand techniques versus their placement in vertebrae plastic models achieved in vitro with the use of guide templates, in toddlers and preschool children with congenital kyphoscoliosis of the thoracolumbar transition and lumbar spine amid the vertebral malformation.Material and Methods. The research is based on a retrospective analysis of the results of treatment of 10 patients with congenital kyphoscoliosis of the thoracolumbar transition and lumbar spine amid the vertebral malformation. Age – from 2 years 2 months to 6 years 8 months old (mean 3 years 8 months old), gender – 6 boys, 4 girls. Based on the postoperative multi-slice spiral computed tomography (MSCT) of the spine, the pedicle screws placement accuracy of the correcting multi-support metalwork was evaluated. These patients constituted the 1st research group (in vivo group). The 2nd research group (in vitro group) was formed from 27 vertebrae plastic models with pedicle screws inserted in them with the use of guide templates. The placement accuracy of the installed pedicle support elements was assessed based on the S.D. Gertzbein et al. scale (1990).Results. In the 1st group, there were 52 pedicle screws placed. The screw placement accuracy according to the rate of misplacement, as follows: 53.8% in Grade 0, 25% in Grade I, 11.6% in Grade II, 9.6% in Grade III. The number of screws with the rate of misplacement in Grade 0 + Grade I was 41 (78.8%). In the 2nd group, there were 54 screws placed and slightly larger than the 1st group. The screw placement accuracy according to the rate of misplacement was 94.4% in Grade 0, 1.9% in Grade I, 3.7% in Grade II, respectively. The number of screws with the rate of misplacement in Grade 0 + Grade I was 52 (96.3%).Conclusions. Comparative analysis showed that the number of pedicle screws successfully placed in vertebrae plastic models in children with congenital deformities of the thoracolumbar transition and lumbar spine achieved with the use of guide templates was significantly higher than the number of screws successfully placed with freehand techniques (96.3% versus 80.8%, p = 0.011). The results obtained with method of navigation templates in vitro showed high precision and accuracy of pedicle screw placement which gives the prospect for using this type of navigation in clinical practice in toddlers with congenital scoliosis.
Highlights
Самым распространенным методом установки транспедикулярных винтов (ТВ) в хирургии позвоночника в целом и у пациентов детского возраста с врожденными деформациями в частности является метод «свободной руки» с последующим флюороскопическим контролем корректности положения опорных элементов в телах позвонков [8]
Количество корректно установленных транспедикулярных винтов (ТВ) в пластиковые модели позвонков детей с врожденными деформациями грудопоясничного и поясничного отделов позвоночника при помощи ШН значимо выше количества корректно установленных винтов методом «свободной руки» (96,3% против 78,8%, p = 0,011)
Summary
Самым распространенным методом установки транспедикулярных винтов (ТВ) в хирургии позвоночника в целом и у пациентов детского возраста с врожденными деформациями в частности является метод «свободной руки» с последующим флюороскопическим контролем корректности положения опорных элементов в телах позвонков [8]. Травматология и ортопедия россии / Traumatology and orthopedics of Russia винтов, установленных в тела позвонков у детей младшего и дошкольного возраста с врожденным кифосколиозом грудопоясничного и поясничного отделов позвоночника на фоне нарушения формирования позвонков методом «свободной руки» in vivo и в пластиковые модели позвонков при помощи шаблонов-направителей (ШН) in vitro.
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