Comparative analysis of naturalistic tendencies in Ukrainian and European literature of the late 19-th – early 20-th centuries

Abstract

The essence of naturalism in European and Russian literature in particular, has not yet been fully explored. Scientists figure out its analogies and differences with the system of realism, and also show the most important prerequisites for the formation and the main stages of development of this direction. On the basis of modern principles of literary comparativistics, features of national variants and the world invariant of naturalistic art are revealed. Comparative studies have revealed social, literary, and psychological and typological coincidences in the work of Ukrainian and European naturalists on the level of subject matter, subject matter, characters, forms, which allows us to discover the general trends in the development of Ukrainian and European literature of the late XIX - early XX century c. The main methods of research are typological (the identification of common genetic and typological features of naturalistic art), comparative (the identification of typological coincidences and differences in the process of approval and evolution of national variants of naturalism) and cultural-historical (the study of works by Ukrainian and European authors as human documents a certain historical epoch).