Abstract
The regulations of legislative bodies regarding the recycling and reusage of automotive materials has caused a great deal of obligation among automotive manufacturers to use natural fibres or green composites. Green composites or more commonly known as bio‐composites are made up of natural fibres. Natural fibres are used by humankind since prehistoric times. The natural fibre is obtained from plants as well as animals. Since the natural fibre is obtained from natural as well as biological resources, it is biodegradable and recyclable. This paper presents the study and analysis conducted to address the suitability of natural fibre in the automotive industry. This paper discusses the finite element analysis of four different natural fibre composites used for making car door panel, i.e., flax, jute, sisal, and leather are taken for the material study. This paper helps to find the effectiveness of each of the four natural fibre composites that have already been used in the automotive sector. This paper includes the analysis of four different natural fibres with and without the addition of the aluminium as the reinforcement material. This project revolves around the design of the composite fibre sheet and analysis of the mechanical parameters such as equivalent stress, shear stress, strain, deformation, and so on. The studies and observations of the analysis showed that the natural fibre with the aluminium reinforcement proved to be much stronger than that without the reinforcement. The results of finite element analysis showcased lowest total deformation and equivalent strain in the flax as 1.026 m and 0.017 mm/mm, respectively. However, sisal showed the lowest equivalent stress and shear stress which were 68.09 and 38.178 MPa, respectively. Additionally, leather showed the highest amount of stress, strain, and deformation, and hence leather was deemed to have undesirable properties regarding the usage in car door panels. All the materials except leather were found to be safe under the loading conditions. Hence, the flax fibre is recommended by the project to have superior properties compared to the other materials.
Highlights
Academic Editor: Samson Jerold Samuel Chelladurai e regulations of legislative bodies regarding the recycling and reusage of automotive materials has caused a great deal of obligation among automotive manufacturers to use natural fibres or green composites
Introduction e ever-increasing demand and popularity of the environment-friendly natural resources have caused a major movement in the automotive industry [1]. e usage of natural fibre bio-composite has been increasing in the automotive industry for a long time. e high-strength fibres having high tensile strength such as Kevlar, glass fibre, carbon, and so on are difficult to recycle and are very costly to manufacture
Around 80000–160000 tons of natural fibres are used every year in the automotive industry across the globe [7]
Summary
Several natural fibres are used by automotive industries since the 90s. e prospect of the usage of NFPC in the automotive sector is great and hopeful. This project is involved in finding out appropriate natural fibre materials for the door panels Materials such as flax, jute, sisal, and leather are selected for review and analysis. E composite material which will be used for the further analysis is designed as a 10 mm thick sheet having bonding between the epoxy resin and natural fibres. E first model will be designed from natural fibre and matrix resin in the alternative fashion, whereas the second model is assumed to have aluminium reinforcement in the middle portion of the composite sheet. For performing the analysis on the natural fibre composite sheet, the engineering data regarding the materials and their properties must be known. Results e boundary conditions are followed by the results in the form of different parameters. e engineering data used for the analysis of the project are mentioned in the previous sections. e variables are obtained in the form of results which are deformation, stress, and strain, respectively. e analysis for model 1 will predict the behavior of every selected natural fibre under the application of impact force
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