Comparative Analysis of Human Cystatin C Levels in Migraine without Aura and Healthy Controls

Abstract

Objective: To compare the levels of human cystatin c (novel biomarker) as well as the association of other parameters in migraine patients without aura and healthy controls.
 Study Design: Cross-sectional, comparative study.
 Place and Duration of Study: The research was conducted at IMBB Physiology Department, University of Lahore, Lahore Pakistan, from May 2021 to Jun 2022.
 Methodology: After taking history, a detailed clinical examination was conducted of participants in both cases and controls of the study. A proforma was filled and a non-probability convenience sampling technique was used. The blood samples weredrawn, centrifuged to isolate serum and analyzed concentration of serum cystatin C levels were measured by using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). SPSS version 22 was used for statistical analysis. Mann-Whitney U test was used to determine the median IQR values of both groups and p-value<0.05 was considered significant.
 Results: Among cases 19(47.5%) were male and 21(52.5%) were female. Mean age of cases and controls was 25.57±5.93 and 26.15±7.19 years. The most frequent occupation among cases and controls was student, doctors, nurses and house wives. Among cases only 3(7.5%) patients were currently smokers while among controls 3(7.5%) were currently smokers. Among cases body mass index of 11(27.5%) patients were 30 and 4(10%) participants in controls had body mass index as 30. The most frequent symptom was photophobia followed by nausea, phonophobia, vomiting and atypical features. All these features were significantly higher
 Conclusion: Study concluded that patients with migraine without aura have elevated levels of cystatin C in their