Abstract
to compare the polymorphism of the Glutathione S-transferase theta 1 (GSTT1) and Glutathione S-transferase mu 1 (GSTM1) genes from the tumor area with the proximal and distal margins of stomach specimens resected from patients with gastric cancer, and to investigate the presence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA and Helicobacter pylori. we prospectively collected tissue specimens from the tumor area and from the proximal and distal resection margins of the stomachs of ten patients with gastric adenocarcinoma who underwent gastrectomy with D2 lymphadenectomy, and submitted these specimens to DNA extraction. We compared the tumor area with the proximal and distal margins of the resected stomachs for polymorphism of GSTT1 and GSTM1 genes and investigated the presence of EBV-DNA and H. pylori. We used the p53 exon 5 gene as an internal control of the multiplex PCR reaction. in one patient, we detected null GSTT1 and GSTM1 genotypes in the tumor area, in contrast to the presence of both genes in the proximal and distal margins. We found EBV-DNA and H. pylori in the tumor area and also in the proximal and distal margins. In another patient, the proximal margin was negative for GSTT1, and EBV-DNA was negative in the distal margin. In three patients, EBV-DNA was negative only in the distal margin. this is the first report where different genotypes, EBV-DNA and H. pylori infection were observed in the same patient, indicating a probable deletion of these genes in response to tumor progression and intratumoral heterogeneity.
Highlights
Gastric cancer (GC) is still an important cause of death from cancer throughout the world
Our study aims to compare the polymorphism of the Glutathione S-transferase theta 1 (GSTT1) and Glutathione S-transferase mu 1 (GSTM1) genes in the tumor area with the proximal and distal margins of stomach specimens resected from patients with gastric cancer, and to investigate the co-infection of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and H. pylori
In our study in Brazilian patients with gastric adenocarcinomas, we noticed a null genotype for GSTT1 and GSTM1 only in the tumor area of one patient, and a null genotype for GSTT1 in the proximal margin in other
Summary
Gastric cancer (GC) is still an important cause of death from cancer throughout the world. It's a multifactorial disease that results from individual genetic predisposition and exposure environmental factors such as diet, alcohol consumption, smoking and chronic infection of Helicobacter pylori or Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)[2,3,4]. The Epstein-Barr virus belongs to the genus lymphocryptovirus of the human gama-herpesvirus family, and infects more than 90% of the world adult population[5]. EBV is associated with various malignances such as Burkitt lymphoma, Hodgkin lymphoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, natural killer cell lymphoma and gastric cancer[2,6]. Epstein Barr virus and H. pylori co-infection are positively associated with severe gastritis in pediatric patients and gastric cancer[3,4,7,8]
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