Comparative analysis of economic sectors: competitiveness and business performance in the altas montañas, veracruz strategic context

Abstract

This article presents the results of a study, conducted in the Altas Montañas region of the State of Veracruz, Mexico, aimed at assessing the competitiveness of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in different sectors. The study utilized a Development Competitiveness Map, which consists of nine variables: strategic planning, supply of materials, quality assurance, marketing, accounting and finance, human resources, hiring external companies, social responsibility, and environmental management. The results indicate that the commercial sector is the largest, accounting for 37 % of SMEs in the region, followed by the industrial sector (35 %) and the service sector (28 %). The service sector performed highest in several variables: strategic planning, accounting and finance, and human resources. The commerce sector performed well in hiring external companies, while the industrial sector lagged in most variables, except environmental management. The study also revealed that the service sector had a younger average age of managers compared to the other sectors. Women's participation was highest in the industrial sector, while university education was relatively balanced across sectors. The article discusses the specific results for each variable in each sector, highlighting strengths and areas for improvement. Marketing, hiring external companies, and environmental management were identified as opportunities to enhance regional competitiveness. The study suggests implementing public and private policies to support SMEs in these areas. The findings provide valuable insights into the current competitiveness among SMEs in the Altas Montañas region and offer recommendations for fostering their growth and development. However, the study acknowledges some limitations, such as the limited sample size and potential bias due to non-participation by some businesses.