Abstract
The Indian black berry (Syzygium cumini Skeels) has a great nutraceutical and medicinal properties. As in other fruit crops, the fruit characteristics are important attributes for differentiation were also determined for different accessions of S. cumini. The fruit weight, length, breadth, length: breadth ratio, pulp weight, pulp content, seed weight and pulp: seed ratio significantly varied in different accessions. Molecular characterization was carried out using PCR based RAPD technique. Out of 80 RAPD primers, only 18 primers produced stable polymorphisms that were used to examine the phylogenetic relationship. A sum of 207 loci were generated out of which 201 loci found polymorphic. The average genetic dissimilarity was 97 per cent among jamun accessions. The phylogenetic relationship was also determined by principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) that explained 46.95 per cent cumulative variance. The two-dimensional PCoA analysis showed grouping of the different accessions that were plotted into four sub-plots, representing clustering of accessions. The UPGMA (r = 0.967) and NJ (r = 0.987) dendrogram constructed based on the dissimilarity matrix revealed a good degree of fit with the cophenetic correlation value. The dendrogram grouped the accessions into three main clusters according to their eco-geographical regions which given useful insight into their phylogenetic relationships.
Highlights
The Indian black berry (Syzygium cumini Skeels) has a great nutraceutical and medicinal properties
The Indian black berry or jamun (Syzygium cumini Skeels) is gastroprotective properties that have been proven on animal important minor fruit of commercial value belonging to the models by different researches [7 - 13]
Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers have widely been used for estimating DNA polymorphism and phylogenetic relationships in many tropical and subtropical fruit species viz. olive [26], mango [27], Peach [28], grape [29], guava [30] and Eucalyptus [31]
Summary
The Indian black berry (Syzygium cumini Skeels) has a great nutraceutical and medicinal properties. Most of the S. cumini trees available in India are seedling type in origin that shows enormous variability with respect to tree and fruit morphology, fruit quality, maturity and productivity due to pre-dominance of seed propagation These provide good scope for breeding programme [19, 20]. RAPD markers have widely been used for estimating DNA polymorphism and phylogenetic relationships in many tropical and subtropical fruit species viz. In this study an attempt has been made to use the DNA polymorphisms for deriving phylogenetic relationships among Syzygium cumini using phenotypic characters and RAPD markers that could be extremely helpful for germplasm management, crop improvement, varietal selection for breeding programs and to protect indigenous crop wealth in India
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