Abstract
Graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) are thin strips of graphene that have captured the interest of scientists due to their unique structure and promising applications in electronics. This paper presents the results of a comparative analysis of morphological properties of graphene nanoribbons synthesized by different methods. Various methods have been reported for graphene nanoribons synthesis. Lithography methods usually include electron-beam (e-beam) lithography, atomic force microscopy (AFM) lithography, and scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) lithography. Sonochemical and chemical methods exist as well, namely chemical vapour deposition (CVD) and anisotropic etching. Graphene nanoribbons can also be fabricated from unzipping carbon nanotubes (CNTs). We propose a new highly efficient method for graphene nanoribbons production by gamma irradiation of graphene dispersed in cyclopentanone (CPO). Surface morphology of graphene nanoribbons was visualized with atomic force and transmission electron microscopy. It was determined that dimensions of graphene nanoribbons are inversely proportional to applied gamma irradiation dose. It was established that the narrowest nanoribbons were 10-20 nm wide and 1 nm high with regular and smooth edges. In comparison to other synthesis methods, dimensions of graphene nanoribbons synthesized by gamma irradiation are slightly larger, but the yield of nanoribbons is much higher. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used for structural analysis of graphene nanoribbons. Results of photoluminescence spectroscopy revealed for the first time that synthesized nanoribbons showed photoluminescence in the blue region of visible light in contrast to graphene nanoribbons synthesized by other methods. Based on disclosed facts, we believe that our synthesis method has good prospects for potential future mass production of graphene nanoribbons with uniform size, as well as for future investigations of carbon nanomaterials for applications in optoelectronics and biological labeling.
Highlights
Analiza TEM slika pokazuje grafenske nanotrake manjeg dijametra od onih dobijenih analizom AFM slika
Comparison of widths, heights and yield of graphene nanoribbons produced by different synthesis methods with our gamma irradiation method
We believe that our synthesis method has good prospects for potential future mass production of graphene nanoribbons with uniform size, as well as for future investigations of carbon nanomaterials for applications in optoelectronics and biological labeling
Summary
Todorović Marković Univerzitet u Beogradu, Institut za nuklearne nauke Vinča, Beograd, Srbija. Izvod Grafenske nanotrake su tanke trake grafena koje su zbog svojih interesantnih strukturnih, elektronskih i magnetnih osobina privukle pažnju velikog broja istraživača. Postoji više postupaka sinteze grafenskih nanotraka kao što su: litografski, sonohemijski, hemijski metodi i metod „otvaranja“ ugljeničnih nanotuba. U radu je predstavljen novi veoma efikasni postupak za produkciju grafenskih nanotraka gama zračenjem grafena dispergovanog u ciklopentanonu. Opisane su strukturne i optičke osobine sintetisanih nanotraka. Takođe su predstavljeni rezultati komparativne analize morfoloških osobina grafenskih nanotraka koje su sintetisane različitim metodama. Istaknute su prednosti i nedostaci svih navedenih postupaka sinteze. Osobine koje izdvajaju metod gama zračenja od ostalih jesu veliki prinos nanotraka i postojanje fotoluminescence u plavoj oblasti vidljive svetlosti. Ključne reči: grafenske nanotrake, gama zračenje, AFM, fotoluminescencija, komparativna analiza
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