Abstract
This paper compares design specifications and parameters for high-speed railway (HSR) earthworks in different countries (i.e., China, France, Germany, Japan, Russia, Spain and Sweden) for different track types (i.e., ballasted and ballastless), and for different design aspects (i.e., HSR embankment substructure, compaction criteria, width of the substructure surface, settlement control, transition section, and design service life). Explanations for differences in HSR implementation among different countries are provided and reference values of the design parameters are obtained. In an attempt to unify different types of HSR substructures around the world, a widely applicable definition of the stratified embankment substructure based on the practices adopted in different countries is proposed. The functions and requirements of each functional layer (i.e., the blanket layer, frost protection layer and filtering layer) are summarized.
Highlights
High-speed railway (HSR) encompasses a complex reality involving many technical aspects including infrastructure, rolling stock and operations, as well as strategic and cross-sector issues including human, financial, commercial and managerial factors; it has proven to be a flexible system that can be developed under various circumstances and in different contexts and cultures (International Union of Railways [UIC], 2018a)
Since practical parameters of HSR earthworks are collected and summarized for various countries and regions and the railway substructure of an embankment is unified in the present paper, this research can serve as a reference for the countries lacking HSR construction experience applying HSR technologies, and for engineers and researchers willing to develop a clearer understanding of different earthwork practices
In an attempt to realize the longterm stability of the structure affected by train loading, precipitation infiltration, dry–wet cycles, and freeze–thaw cycles, the substructure is designed to comply with the strength and stiffness requirements, settlement and seepage control requirements, and other special requirements; e.g., frost protection requirements in a permafrost region
Summary
High-speed railway (HSR) encompasses a complex reality involving many technical aspects including infrastructure, rolling stock and operations, as well as strategic and cross-sector issues including human, financial, commercial and managerial factors; it has proven to be a flexible system that can be developed under various circumstances and in different contexts and cultures (International Union of Railways [UIC], 2018a). The design phase is one of the most important stages in HSR implementation In this phase, definitions of all parameters and technical, architectural and landscaping choices necessary for the execution of works are precisely provided on the basis of applicable standards, rules and regulations, approved preliminary design documents, environmental impact assessments and reliability, availability, maintainability and safety requirements (UIC, 2018b). Since practical parameters of HSR earthworks are collected and summarized for various countries and regions and the railway substructure of an embankment is unified in the present paper, this research can serve as a reference for the countries lacking HSR construction experience applying HSR technologies, and for engineers and researchers willing to develop a clearer understanding of different earthwork practices. 1. Comparative analysis of design parameters of high-speed railway earthworks in different countries
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