Abstract
Default mode network (DMN) is a set of functional brain structures coherently activated when individuals are in resting-state. In this study, we constructed multi-frequency band resting-state EEG-based DMN functional network models for major psychiatric disorders to easily compare their pathophysiological characteristics. Phase-locking values (PLVs) were evaluated to quantify functional connectivity; global and nodal clustering coefficients (CCs) were evaluated to quantify global and local connectivity patterns of DMN nodes, respectively. DMNs of patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), panic disorder, major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar disorder, schizophrenia (SZ), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) were constructed relative to their demographically-matched healthy control groups. Overall DMN patterns were then visualized and compared with each other. In global CCs, SZ and AD showed hyper-clustering in the theta band; OCD, MCI, and AD showed hypo-clustering in the low-alpha band; OCD and MDD showed hypo-clustering and hyper-clustering in low-beta, and high-beta bands, respectively. In local CCs, disease-specific patterns were observed. In the PLVs, lowered theta-band functional connectivity between the left lingual gyrus and the left hippocampus was frequently observed. Our comprehensive comparisons suggest EEG-based DMN as a useful vehicle for understanding altered brain networks of major psychiatric disorders.
Highlights
Default mode network (DMN) is a set of functional brain structures coherently activated when individuals are in resting-state
The significantly different local clustering coefficient (CC) indices and phase-locking value (PLV) connectivity of each disorder group are illustrated at a glance, compared with its demographically matched healthy controls (HC) group (Fig. 2)
EEG-based DMN functional network models were constructed for eight major psychiatric disorders based on a graph theory
Summary
Default mode network (DMN) is a set of functional brain structures coherently activated when individuals are in resting-state. We constructed multi-frequency band resting-state EEG-based DMN functional network models for major psychiatric disorders to compare their pathophysiological characteristics. EEG, which is believed to reflect brain electrical activity d irectly[11,12], has recently been regarded as one of the competitive noninvasive and cost-effective modalities for construction of D MN13,14 It can be analyzed into multiple frequency bands, allowing for diverse interpretations according to the characteristics of each frequency band. Hsiao et al.[15] compared resting-state EEG between patients with mild cognitive disorder (MCI) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in the DMN, showing various altered interconnections between them. Comparison of DMN between SZ and AD has been actively conducted in the fMRI-based DMN studies owing to their considerable similarity in social deficits[21]; it has not been conducted in the EEG-based DMN studies
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