Comparative analysis of clinical and functional parameters of the gingival margin of patients with low crown height against the background of various methods of preparation for prosthetics

Abstract

Currently, one of the most common types of prosthetics are restorative crowns or bridges, which cannot provide high-quality retention and long-term fixation with a low crown of supporting teeth. For an orthopedic dentist, the question arises of choosing a method of preparation before prosthetics. In this work, a comprehensive examination and treatment of 95 patients with a low crown of supporting teeth was carried out, who were randomized into 3 groups according to the methods of preparation for orthopedic treatment gingivoretraction, gingivectomy and gingiviplasty. The change in the state of the dentoalveolar complex was carried out clinically and functionally. The hygienic index API, papillary bleeding index PBI, the index of need for periodontal treatment CPITN, gum recession and depth of probing were determined. Laser Doppler flowmetry was used to assess the state of local blood flow and vasomotor activity of vessels. The studied parameters were evaluated before the start of preparation for orthopedic treatment and after 14 days. During the study, complications and side effects were not revealed, however, clinical and functional indicators indicate that preference should be given to gingivoplasty as one of the qualitative methods of preparing the dentoalveolar complex in patients with a low crown of supporting teeth.