Abstract
Abstract: The city of Volta Redonda, located in the state of Rio de Janeiro, has a controlled landfill of municipal solid waste (MSW) which was partially recovered in 2008. This disposal site has no data on the amount of waste volume landfilled. An Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) was used to capture images of the study area and through Geographic Information Systems (GIS) the biogas generation was determined. By overlaying the georeferenced images the contour lines were determined which enabled the creation of the 3D Digital Terrain Model (DTM) of the area with a resolution of 0.296349 m / pix. The DTM provided the determination of the volume of waste landfilled (535.755,79 m3) and the real surface area (36.770,96 m2) of the controlled landfill. These parameters allowed obtainment the maximum flow rate of methane generation of 16.539,82 m3 for 2007. The Brazilian model used to determination biogas generation in waste sector achieve a maximum flow rate of methane generation of 126.599,4 m3 for the year 2007. A significant difference between biogas generation in the two models was observed mainly due to the amount of waste determined in both models.
Highlights
The disposition in the soil of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) is still considered the most economic form of management adopted in almost all the countries of the world
It was used for both scenarios the biogas generation method proposed by Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change - IPCC and the method proposed in version 3.02 of Landfill Gas Emissions Model (LandGEM) used by the United States Environmental Protection Agency – USEPA
The results of the flight performed in this study are described in Table 2 and Table 3 indicates the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) in the three axes (X, Y and Z) that were used for precision evaluation of the 3D Digital Terrain Model (DTM)
Summary
The disposition in the soil of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) is still considered the most economic form of management adopted in almost all the countries of the world. MSW management depends mainly on structured plans and investments, a difficult issue in developing countries (Ejaz and Janjua 2012; Srivastava et al 2015). It is important to consider that MSW irregular management of these activities causes negative environmental impacts. Local scale impacts such as contamination of soil, surface water and groundwater and on a global scale as emissions of greenhouse gases, mainly methane and carbon dioxide, are reported (El-Fadel et al 2002; Atta et al 2015; Wu et al 2015).
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