Comparative analysis of adolescent pregnancy causes in Tanzania: A comprehensive review of literature

Abstract

Teenage pregnancy remains a global challenge with profound implications, necessitating a thorough exploration of its causes and contributing factors. This study provides a comprehensive review of research studies conducted in Tanzania from 2019 to 2023, contributing to the ongoing discourse on the complex interplay of socio-cultural, economic, and educational factors shaping the experiences of Tanzanian adolescents. Twelve studies, comprising seven journals and five master theses, were purposefully selected to identify commonalities and disparities in their findings. The study systematically examines the identified studies, shedding light on the prevailing factors associated with teenage pregnancies in Tanzania. Several themes emerged from the reviewed literature, with all studies unequivocally pinpointing poor knowledge on sexual and reproductive health as a common factor contributing to teenage pregnancies. Moreover, a substantial majority, 75%, highlighted the significance of low economic status in this context, emphasizing the intersectionality of socio-economic factors. Furthermore, this comparative analysis delves into the nuanced findings of the selected studies, revealing that 50% of the reviewed research identified peer influence as a significant contributor to teenage pregnancies. These findings not only underscore the multifaceted nature of the issue but also highlight the need for targeted interventions addressing both individual knowledge gaps and broader socio-economic challenges.