Abstract
The aim of this study is to find the best working fluid for Organic Rankine Cycles (ORCs) at specific temperature limits, with a focus on thermodynamic analysis, environmental impact, and protection. A subcritical Rankine cycle with organic working fluids was used to produce electricity using a low-temperature heat source. The six organic fluids (R600, R245fa, R290, R134a, R123 & R600a) were selected, studied, and compared for ORC applications to get high efficiency and COP. The study found that because of pressure factor, efficiency, expander, R600a, R134a & R290 are the most preferable choices. In terms of COP and pressure ratio, R600a is best among the six fluids. However, if we consider factors like mass flow rate, refrigerating capacity and COP, then R245fa & R123 are the suitable choices. However, the ODP of R123 is found to be 0.012, and given the targeted zero tolerance for ODP compounds, R123 working fluid would be phased out sooner than expected, especially given its significant GWP of 76. The GWP of R245fa is at an intolerable level of 820.
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