Comparative acute toxicity of gallium(III), antimony(III), indium(III), cadmium(II), and copper(II) on freshwater swamp shrimp (Macrobrachium nipponense).

Jen-Lee Yang

doi:10.1186/0717-6287-47-13

Abstract

BackgroundAcute toxicity testing were carried out the freshwater swamp shrimp, Macrobrachium nipponense, as the model animal for the semiconductor applied metals (gallium, antimony, indium, cadmium, and copper) to evaluate if the species is an suitable experimental animal of pollution in aquatic ecosystem.ResultsThe static renewal test method of acute lethal concentrations determination was used, and water temperature was maintained at 24.0 ± 0.5°C. Data of individual metal obtained from acute toxicity tests were determined using probit analysis method. The median lethal concentration (96-h LC50) of gallium, antimony, indium, cadmium, and copper for M. nipponense were estimated as 2.7742, 1.9626, 6.8938, 0.0539, and 0.0313 mg/L, respectively.ConclusionsComparing the toxicity tolerance of M. nipponense with other species which exposed to these metals, it is obviously that the M. nipponense is more sensitive than that of various other aquatic animals.

Highlights

IntroductionAcute toxicity testing were carried out the freshwater swamp shrimp, Macrobrachium nipponense, as the model animal for the semiconductor applied metals (gallium, antimony, indium, cadmium, and copper) to evaluate if the species is an suitable experimental animal of pollution in aquatic ecosystem
Acute toxicity testing were carried out the freshwater swamp shrimp, Macrobrachium nipponense, as the model animal for the semiconductor applied metals to evaluate if the species is an suitable experimental animal of pollution in aquatic ecosystem
No mortality was detected in the control groups during laboratory static renewal tests (96-h acute toxicity) of the five metals

Summary

Introduction

Acute toxicity testing were carried out the freshwater swamp shrimp, Macrobrachium nipponense, as the model animal for the semiconductor applied metals (gallium, antimony, indium, cadmium, and copper) to evaluate if the species is an suitable experimental animal of pollution in aquatic ecosystem. Antimony, indium, cadmium, and copper are essential transition metals that are widely used for the manufacture of integrated circuits, electroplating, and photoelectric appliances. Accidental industrial spills may lead to high concentrations of metal compounds in water, which have both acute and chronic toxic effects on aquatic organisms. Because these heavy metals do not degrade and accumulate in ecosystems, their toxic effects may be found at the molecular, cellular, and histological levels, even impacting homeostasis in organisms [3,4]. Individual components of heavy metals have been reported by different authors to have varying toxicological effects on aquatic organisms, and deaths of animals have

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