Abstract
OBJETIVO: o presente estudo destinou-se a comparar a morfologia tegumentar de indivíduos segundo a tipologia facial. MÉTODOS: foram utilizadas 90 telerradiografias de pacientes de ambos os sexos, de 12 a 16 anos de idade, divididas em três grupos distintos, referentes a cada padrão morfológico: mesofacial, dolicofacial e braquifacial. Os grupos foram comparados no que se refere às medidas de espessura e altura do lábio superior e inferior, além da espessura do mento mole. Ainda, foi apurada a presença de correlações entre as variáveis de tecido mole avaliadas e medidas cefalométricas de natureza dentária e esquelética. RESULTADOS E CONCLUSÕES: os lábios superiores e inferiores, assim como o mento mole, não apresentaram diferenças em relação às suas espessuras em todos os grupos morfológicos. Porém, as alturas do lábio superior e inferior foram significativamente maiores para os dolicofaciais quando esses foram comparados aos demais grupos. Braquifaciais apresentaram menor altura do lábio superior quando comparados aos mesofaciais, embora ambos não tenham se diferenciado significativamente no que se refere à altura do lábio inferior. A análise das correlações estabelecidas entre as variáveis dos tecidos moles e duros indicou evidências de um desenvolvimento vertical dos lábios superior e inferior em acompanhamento ao desenvolvimento vertical do esqueleto. O posicionamento vertical do incisivo superior se correlacionou significativamente aos mesmos parâmetros labiais, o que garantiu um nível de exposição semelhante desse elemento dentário em todos os grupos.
Highlights
The results of this study demonstrate an effective distinction in the level of horizontal projection of the maxillary bones, as noted by Blanchette et al,[3] no differences were found between the morphological types with respect to the thickness of both the upper and lower lip and the soft tissue chin
Lower lip height was significantly greater for dolichofacials when these were separately compared with the other morphological groups
Mesofacials and brachyfacials did not differ with respect to lower lip height
Summary
Were used lateral cephalograms of patients aged between 12 and 16 years of both genders whose records were archived at the Orthodontics Clinic of the university where the study was conducted. Were excluded from the final sample those patients who had undergone orthodontic treatment in the period prior to when the radiographs were taken. Subjects who had made obvious efforts towards achieving a lip seal were excluded from the study. The radiographs were divided into three groups consisting of 30 subjects each, according to the morphological patterns displayed by the patients (mesofacial, dolichofacial and brachyfacial). The criterion used to divide the sample into groups was the measurement of the facial axis (BaN.PtGn), whose normal value[18] is 90°. The groups were defined taking into account the 3o variation proposed by McNamara,[14] as explained below
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