Comparando la estructura social entre España y Reino Unido en momentos de cambios

Abstract

We are in a moment of changes in Europe. A key period for the comparative analysis between two countries such as Spain and the United Kingdom. The social structures of both countries have been comparatively analyzed, observing the causes that have led the United Kingdom to freely decide the separation of the European Union and to face all its consequences. To focus the analysis, the studies of Vega (2019), Escartin (2011), Martinez (2013), Giner et al. (2013), Navarro (2014), Martin (2014), Santiago (2015), Kislev (2016), Torres and Lobera (2017) among others; and data from the Office of Diplomatic Administration (2017), National Statistics Institute (2017), Jesuit Migrant Service (2017), Labor Force Survey (2017), Olivie and Gracia (2018) and Cylus et al. (2015). In this way, through a multisectoral analysis, the structural origins that have given rise to the processes of social change in Spain and the United Kingdom have been seen. The main conclusions regarding the changes in the social structure refer to the family and kinship unions that exist in the two countries. Spain is a country with broader family nuclei and more consensual kinship relationships. We also found fundamental changes regarding the value structure where it can be observed that the United Kingdom is a more individualistic society with little risk aversion, more flexible, and less conservative, although much more forgiving. There are also clear differences regarding immigration. The United Kingdom is made up of a much more eclectic and diversified society while in Spain migration has been scarce. The differences in matters of religious, political and administrative structure and social services are also overwhelming. All these changes and these differences have contributed to the current situation of both countries and the consequences of a specific and conditioned policy for each of these countries.