Comparación del perfil de funcionamiento familiar en los adolescentes con y sin drogadicción de un colegio de bachilleres

Abstract

Objective To compare the family functioning profile (FFP) in adolescents addicted to drugs and those not addicted to drugs. Design Cross-sectional study comparative. Setting A high school in Querétaro State, Mexico. Participants Study of 63 adolescents with and without addiction, of both sexes between the ages of 13 and 19, enrolled in high school; two groups formed, one not addicted to drugs (systematic probabilistic sampling was carried out); and compared with drug addicts (database). Main measurements FFP(Alpha Cronbach 91). Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis. Results Adolescents with drug addiction ( n=20), average age 17.5±0.4 (range 16–19), and group of non-addicts ( n=43), average age 16.9±0.1 (range 15–18) and P=0.000. All the adolescents lived in an urban area with a predominantly simple nuclear modern, working family type. Half (50%) of addicted adolescents came from broken families P=0.002. The dispersion phase was a protective factor in preventing drug addiction in adolescents ( P=0.003 OR 0.6 95% Cl;1.8–21.0). Significant statistical differences were observed in authority (OR=29.7, 95% Cl; 5.8–150.5), supervision (OR 10.3, 95% Cl; 2.8–37.2) and support (OR 0.04, 95% Cl; 5.5–109.8). The overall family dysfunctionality, ( P=0.000, OR 1.8, 95% Cl; 1.3–2.3). Conclusion Dysfunctional families are a risk factor for drug addiction in adolescents, when there is insufficient authority and supervision within the family. On the other hand, family support, as well as the dispersion phase, are protective factors.