Abstract
Background: Traditionally, vitamin B1 status is assessed by a functional test measuring erythrocyte transketolase (ETK) activity or direct measurement of erythrocyte thiamine diphosphate (eThDP) concentration. However, such analyses are logistically challenging, and do not allow assessment of vitamin B1 status in plasma/serum samples stored in biobanks. Using a multiplex assay, we evaluated plasma concentrations of thiamine and thiamine monophosphate (TMP), as alternative, convenient measures of vitamin B1 status. Methods: We investigated the relationships between the established biomarker eThDP and plasma concentrations of thiamine and TMP, and compared the response of these thiamine forms to thiamine fortification using samples from 196 healthy Cambodian women (aged 18–45 years.). eThDP was measured by high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD) and plasma thiamine and TMP by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Results: Plasma thiamine and TMP correlated significantly with eThDP at baseline and study-end (p < 0.05). Among the fortification groups, the strongest response was observed for plasma thiamine (increased by 266%), while increases in plasma TMP (60%) and eThDP (53%) were comparable. Conclusions: Plasma thiamine and TMP correlated positively with eThDP, and all thiamine forms responded significantly to thiamine intervention. Measuring plasma concentrations of thiamine forms is advantageous due to convenient sample handling and capacity to develop low volume, high-throughput, multiplex assays.
Highlights
Thiamine, known as vitamin B1, is present in the human body as thiamine, thiamine monophosphate (TMP), thiamine diphoshate (ThDP), thiamine triphosphate (TTP), and as the thiamin derivative, adenosine thiamin triphosphate (AThTP) [1]
The ion-pairs used for detection were 265.0/122.0 for thiamine, 345.0/122.0 for TMP, 269.0/122.0 for 13 C4 -thiamine, and 348.0/125.0 for 2 H3 -TMP
The variance explained by the intervention was 39% for erythrocyte thiamine diphosphate (eThDP), 45% for plasma thiamine, 11% for TMP, ands 39% for plasma total thiamine
Summary
Known as vitamin B1 , is present in the human body as thiamine, thiamine monophosphate (TMP), thiamine diphoshate (ThDP), thiamine triphosphate (TTP), and as the thiamin derivative, adenosine thiamin triphosphate (AThTP) [1]. The biologically active form of thiamine, ThDP, is essential for energy metabolism [1]. Vitamin B1 status is assessed by a functional test measuring erythrocyte transketolase (ETK) activity or direct measurement of erythrocyte thiamine diphosphate (eThDP) concentration. Such analyses are logistically challenging, and do not allow assessment of vitamin B1 status in plasma/serum samples stored in biobanks. We evaluated plasma concentrations of thiamine and thiamine monophosphate (TMP), as alternative, convenient measures of vitamin B1 status. Measuring plasma concentrations of thiamine forms is advantageous due to convenient sample handling and capacity to develop low volume, high-throughput, multiplex assays
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