COMPACTAÇÃO E IMPERMEABILIZAÇÃO DO SOLO E IMPLICAÇÕES NOS CANAIS FLUVIAIS URBANOS

Elizon Dias Nunes,Lucas Esp´´Índola Rosa

doi:10.4215/rm2020.e19023

Abstract

The expansion and the urban densification have implied phenomena related to the degradation of watersheds. This work aims to evaluate the influence of anthropic pressure increase on the imbalances involving erosive processes and consequent degradation of the river plain of a watershed in Aparecida de Goiânia - GO. The methodology comprehended the spatial-temporal correlation between reduction of concentration time, increase of surface runoff estimates, and the consequent degradation of the lowlands in 1992, 2005 and 2016. The results indicate an increase of erosions in segments of convergence of channels, low altimetric gradient and occurrence of Fluovian Neosol, resulting from the increase of volume and peaks of flow coming from areas of significant densification process in the last 24 years. Thus, it is important to use indicators of anthropic pressure increase in the understanding of impacts related to urban density.

Highlights

In recent decades, urban expansion and densification have led to a series of changes, especially in the rate of environmental processes, resulting in phenomena related to the increase in anthropic pressure in river basins
The study area is a river basin located in the urban area of Aparecida de Goiânia, as shown in Figure 1, where population growth has intensified since the 1980s due to urban expansion
The urban expansion and densification process is an inherent evolution in the growth of cities, especially those in large metropolitan regions

Summary

Introduction

Urban expansion and densification have led to a series of changes, especially in the rate of environmental processes, resulting in phenomena related to the increase in anthropic pressure in river basins. These alterations have led to the degradation of these natural systems, especially in large cities, where the increase in each household’s built area has contributed to the general reduction of places destined for infiltration, preventing the soil from performing its hydrological functions efficiently Inefficient infiltration and water retention processes in the subsurface are the most significant, as they influence the increase in surface runoff, alter the flows between the water table and drainage channels, causing overflow in rainy periods and impair the system’s continuity during droughts (SU et al, 2014; MOHAJERI et al, 2015)

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Conclusion