Abstract
Sorption separation processes for liquid and gas streams depend on favourable retention of the separated components by a solid sorbent material. Sorption processes own their established applications in industry to the quality of the sorbent materials available. Traditional sorbents such as activated carbon, ion exchange resins, zeolites and silica-based sorbents are mostly porous solids of a diverse chemical nature. Major applications are equally diverse as the sorbents applied and include vapour recovery of organic solvents from air, air drying and air separation, removal of taste corrupting and toxic organics from drinking water and water softening treatments. Regeneration of the sorbent is generally accomplished by a shift of the equilibrium, effected either by changing the temperature or pressure conditions or by purging with a suitable desorption medium.
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