Abstract
We propose a new compact polarization beam splitter based on the self-collimation effect of two-dimensional photonic crystals and photonic bandgap characteristics. The device is composed of a rectangular air holes-based polarization beam splitting structure and circular air holes-based self-collimating structure. By inserting the polarization beam splitting structure into the self-collimating structure, the TE and TM polarized lights are orthogonally separated at their junction. When the number of rows in the hypotenuse of the inserted rectangular holes is 5, the transmittance of TE polarized light at 1550 nm is 95.4% and the corresponding polarization extinction ratio is 23 dB; on the other hand, the transmittance of TM polarized light is 88.5% and the corresponding polarization extinction ratio is 37 dB. For TE and TM polarized lights covering a 100 nm bandwidth, the TE and TM polarization extinction ratios are higher than 18 dB and 30 dB, respectively. Compared with the previous polarization beam splitters, our structure is simple, the size is small, and the extinction ratio is high, which meets the needs of modern optical communications, optical interconnection, and optical integrated systems.
Highlights
A polarization beam splitter (PBS) refers to a beam splitter that can separate different polarization modes in electromagnetic waves and propagate in different directions
A new type of compact two-dimensional photonic crystal polarization beam splitter is proposed according to the self-collimation effect and photonic bandgap characteristics of the two-dimensional photonic crystal
By inserting the polarization structure of the rectangular hole row into the hypotenuse area of the self-collimating structure arranged in a square lattice, the orthogonal separation of TE and TM polarized light can be achieved
Summary
A polarization beam splitter (PBS) refers to a beam splitter that can separate different polarization modes in electromagnetic waves and propagate in different directions. John [2,3] studied the photonic localization based on disordered artificial materials He proposed that changing the photonic crystal structure can control the beam propagation characteristics. Polarization beam splitting can be achieved by inserting a material with high reflectivity for a polarized light into the self-collimating structure. By digging out two rows of linear defect waveguides in a photonic crystal with a honeycomb structure, the TE mode and TM mode are directed along different waveguides This structure that uses defect structures to achieve polarization beam splitting is relatively simple, but the polarization extinction is relatively small. A high extinction ratio and wide bandwidth can be obtained under different light wavelengths This structure that uses an external magnetic field to control polarization beam splitting is complicated and difficult to manufacture. The device had a simple structure, a small size, and a high polarization extinction ratio
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