Abstract
In this paper, two elements of the multi-input multi-output (MIMO) antenna had been used to study the five (3.1-3.55GHz and 3.7-4.2GHz), (3.4-4.7 GHz), (3.4-3.8GHz) and (3.6-4.2GHz) 5G bands of smartphone applications that is to be introduced to the respective US, Korea, (Europe and China) and Japan markets. With a proposed dimension of 26 × 46 × 0.8 mm3, the medium-structured and small-sized MIMO antenna was not only found to have demonstrated a high degree of isolation and efficiency, it had also exhibited a lower level of envelope correlation coefficient and return loss, which are well-suited for the 5G bands application. From the fabrication of an inexpensive FR4 substrate with a 0.8 mm thickness level, a loss tangent of 0.035 and a dielectric constant of 4.3, the proposed MIMO antennas that had been simulated under the five different band coverage were discovered to have demonstrated a respective isolation level of about 14dB, 12dB, 21.5dB, 19dB and 20dB under a -10dB impendence bandwidth. In the measurement and fabrication outcomes that were derived from the use of the prototype MIMO in the (3.4-3.8) band of the Europe and Chinese markets, the proposed MIMO was thus found to have produced a better performance in terms of efficiency, isolation, and envelope correlation coefficient (ECC).
Highlights
The endless concern on the high data demand level and channel bandwidth in the contemporary wireless system was found to have prompted the development of the numerous integrated single-input multiple-output and multiple-input multiple-output antennas of a client’s equipment
1 Centre for Telecommunication Research and Innovation (CeTRI), Fakulti Kejuruteraan Elektronik dan Kejuruteraan Komputer, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM), Hang Tuah Jaya, 76100 Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia. *Corresponding author: ayman971972@gmail.com. Since these designs would require reducing the size of the multiple-element antenna (MEA) for them to be fitted and matched according to the users’ robust applications and for supporting the equipment’s multi-band coverage area, the development of a radiation diversity would be helpful for reducing the correlation factor as well as improving the performance level of the multi-input multioutput antenna (MIMO) system
In [4], a group of sixteen antennas was analyzed at a developed channel capacity of about 70bps /Hz, the 10 dB isolation was only supported by just three neutralization lines, while the design in [7] had only utilised four small twoantennaed building block structures in creating an eight-antennaed MIMO system
Summary
The endless concern on the high data demand level and channel bandwidth in the contemporary wireless system was found to have prompted the development of the numerous integrated single-input multiple-output and multiple-input multiple-output antennas of a client’s equipment For this reason, the need to constantly improve the performance of the multi-input multioutput antenna (MIMO) design had spurred the various studies on polarization diversity, gain value, bandwidth level, coupling reduction among the inter-elements and those of channel capacity, it had allowed the designers to develop a more modern system network from the much improved multi-band resonance and impedance bandwidth. Given that the MIMO wireless systems has the capacity to surge without requiring a rise in its spectrum or transmission power, the main challenge would be to create an antennaed MIMO array that reduces the mutual coupling [1,2] from the introduction of a sixteen, twelve, ten and eight multi-element combination in its multi-input multioutput arrays[3,4,5,6].
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