Abstract
In this study, a compact antenna design, which operates in the 2.4, 5.2, and 5.8 GHz (WLAN) and 3.5 and 5.5 GHz (WiMAX) frequency bands, has been implemented to be compatible with the 802.11.ac/n standards. The proposed metal antenna is made of a copper plate of thickness 0.5 mm with a compact overall physical size of 20 mm $\times$ 30 mm. Although it is low-profile, it can work with high efficiency because it has a cheap planar metal structure and it does not contain any expensive dielectric material. The antenna is investigated in terms of S parameters, input impedance, efficiency, surface current distributions, and radiation pattern. The implemented antenna has been used in a USB WiFi adapter design for a desktop computer as an indoor WLAN application. The protector outer jacket of the WiFi adapter has been designed using a 3D printer, and the adapter card and driver are acquired commercially. As a result, the produced WiFi adapter has been realized in a size of approximately 60$\%$ smaller than the other modules using commercially available monopole antennas on the market. The WiFi adapter provides IEEE 802.11.n/g/b standards and supports USB 2.0. It has been observed that the speed measurement tests have been performed successfully and that the download-link and upload-link can reach 600 Mbps data rates. In addition, BPSK, QPSK, and 16QAM with OFDM modulation techniques are used.
Highlights
Due to the growing demand for wireless communication, LTE, WiMax, and WLAN applications with MIMO technology are in need of faster data transfer, more channel capacity, and multiple and wider frequency bands
In this paper, we present a low-cost compact antenna design that works in WLAN and WiMax frequency bands for personal wireless communication applications
The results showed that the proposed antenna radiates at more frequency bands and has broader bandwidth according to previous antenna designs in the literature
Summary
Due to the growing demand for wireless communication, LTE, WiMax, and WLAN applications with MIMO technology are in need of faster data transfer, more channel capacity, and multiple and wider frequency bands. As a first study of 2-D metal antennas, Fang et al [21] presented a dual-band operating antenna in 2.4/5.2 GHz bands This antenna has two different radiating arms, which are connected to each other by a shorting loop portion. In [28], the antenna has two radiating structures: a loop radiating arm and a larger radiating arm Through these arms, the antenna operates as a triple band, which includes bands of 2.4 GHz, 5.2 GHz, and 5.8 GHz. In another study by Su [29], a one-piece, coupled-fed, short-circuited monopole antenna was presented for wireless local area network applications in 2.4 GHz. The monopole is in the shape of an inverted hook, and it is short-circuited to a small antenna ground. A comparison of the proposed design to the commercially available adapter is given to show the performance of the design
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